Children

A new UCSF study that mapped the neural connections of newborns with two different kinds of brain injuries found the maps looked very different-;and were linked to significantly different developmental outcomes years later. The study, published today in PLOS ONE and led by UCSF pediatrics, neurology and radiology researchers, used diffusion MRI to visualize the

Ontario saw nine times more emergency department (ED) visits per month for cannabis poisonings in young children under the age of 10 after Canada legalized recreational cannabis, according to a study published in JAMA Network Open. While single hospitals have reported on child cannabis poisonings before, this is the first study to look at an

At least 2% of the total global population have been infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) at some point during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and more than 200 million infants were born since the onset of the pandemic. Millions of in-utero exposures to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection are therefore likely.

Thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy may predict preschool boys’ emotional and behavioral problems, according to a study published in the Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Thyroid hormones are crucial for normal development of a baby’s brain and nervous system. During the first trimester-;the first three months of pregnancy-;a baby depends on its

The school closures in spring 2020 had a negative effect on the health and well-being of many young people. But homeschooling also had a positive flipside: Thanks to sleeping longer in the morning, many teenagers reported improved health and health-related quality of life. The study authors from the University of Zurich therefore believe school days

A new study led by faculty at Binghamton University, State University of New York shows that COVID-19 incidence rates were not statistically different in counties with in-person learning versus remote school modes in most regions of the U.S. As the COVID-19 virus arrived on U.S. shores in early 2020, nearly every school district went to

The pandemic has created a hostile environment for pregnant people and their babies. Stress levels among expectant mothers have soared. Pregnant women with covid are five times as likely as uninfected pregnant people to require intensive care and 22 times as likely to die. Infected moms are four times as likely to have a stillborn

A once-a-day antiretroviral medicine that is low-cost and easy for children to take is also more effective at suppressing HIV than standard treatments, according to a global trial led by researchers at UCL. The study, published today in The New England Journal of Medicine, found that dolutegravir-based regimens, which are already widely used to treat

Researchers at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found marked decreases in orphanhood particularly double orphanhood, among adolescents in Rakai, Uganda, corresponding with the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) beginning in 2004 and of male medical circumcision in 2007. Until now, little had been known about the contribution of HIV combination prevention including ART

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in approximately 5.42 million deaths and over 286 million confirmed cases. The first instances of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019, with the majority of those affected having worked in a seafood and animal

Children and staff who repeatedly test negative for COVID-19 after contact with someone who has the illness can safely remain in school if universal masking programs are in place, according to a new “test-to-stay” study report from the ABC Science Collaborative. The finding provides a safe alternative to quarantining people who have been exposed to

As of December 28, 2021, over 282 million people have been infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) worldwide, of which over 5.4 million have died. In children, SARS-CoV-2 infection is usually asymptomatic or mild, which is in contrast to older individuals, who are associated with a greater risk of hospitalization and

A new study suggests that a parenting educational intervention for first-born children is robust enough to influence the weight of second-born children, according to a paper published online in Obesity, The Obesity Society’s flagship journal. The findings presented make the Intervention Nurses Start Infants Growing on Healthy Trajectories (INSIGHT) program the first educational intervention for

A new study from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison has found children’s books may perpetuate gender stereotypes. Such information in early education books could play an integral role in solidifying gendered perceptions in young children. The results are available in the December issue of the journal Psychological Science. “Some of the stereotypes

Researchers in Japan have evaluated hemodynamic factors that may help identify sites where aneurysms are likely to form. Detailed findings of this study are described in the article “Computational fluid dynamic analysis of the initiation of cerebral aneurysms” by Soichiro Fujimura et al., published today in the Journal of Neurosurgery. Unruptured aneurysms are most often

A study in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP), published by Elsevier, reports in adolescents 11-14 years old, that schools account for a small, but significant part of a young person’s mental health. As young people transition back-to-school, we must prioritize their mental health and consider what we can

A team led by scientists at Weill Cornell Medicine, Scripps Research and the University of Chicago has identified an important site of vulnerability on influenza viruses—a site that future influenza vaccines and antibody therapies should be able to target to prevent or treat infections by a broad set of influenza strains. The scientists, whose results

HSE academics joined researchers from the Turner Scientific Research Institute for Children’s Orthopaedics to study how the brains of children with arthrogryposis control elbow flexion after muscle transplantation. They found that in such patients, more motor neuron activity occurs, which means that the start of a new movement requires more effort from the brain. The

After Christine Malik gave birth to her first daughter three years ago, a clinician affiliated with a company called Pediatrix entered the hospital room and fitted the infant with sensors and wires for a hearing test. The child failed the screening required by law for all newborns, the tester said, requiring a follow-up exam. “We

Children and adolescents who show persistent high levels of anxiety are more likely to become psychotic in their early 20s, according to a new study. But treating early anxiety by targeting stress hormones and non-resolving inflammation during childhood and teenage years could help to reduce the risk of young adults going on to develop psychosis.

A team of scientists at the University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital (OUH) Radiumhospitalet and Karolinska Institutet, led by Professor Johanna Olweus, has developed a new type of immunotherapy for cancer. The new treatment makes the patient’s immune cells “believe” that cancer is a transplanted organ that should be rejected. The immune cells then attack

Today, CDC released two reports in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report highlighting the use of test-to-stay practices used in schools to minimize absenteeism and learning loss which can occur during traditional quarantine at home. In light of this updated data, CDC has added information on test-to-stay practices to our K-12 Transmission Science Brief and

A Day in the Life of…Dr. Alexander MarmureanuThoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon In this interview, we spoke to Dr. Alexander Marmureanu, a thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon, about his day-to-day role and responsibilities as well as his career highlights. What inspired your career into thoracic and cardiovascular surgery? It’s a very good question, but it started a

A collaborative study from the Center for Injury Research and Prevention (CIRP) and the Center for Autism Research (CAR) at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) found that only 8% of pediatric healthcare and behavioral service providers feel prepared to assess whether their autistic patients are ready to drive. These findings, recently published in the Journal

Mutations in a histone regulator protein are linked to both a rare neurodevelopmental disorder and to some cancers, according to a study published in the journal Genes and Development. Marc Morgan, DPhil, research assistant professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, was lead author of the study published in the journal Genes and Development. The protein,

Epileptic seizure frequency fell by an average of 86% among 10 children treated with whole plant medicinal cannabis, reveals a case series, published in the open access journal BMJ Paediatrics Open. None of the children had responded to other treatments, including the only cannabidiol (CBD) product licensed for their condition. The findings prompt the researchers

Diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia in children usually involves x-rays, despite recommendations to limit their use by professional societies. In efforts to reduce radiation exposure from x-rays in children and reinforce guideline compliance, researchers from Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago and colleagues developed a simple diagnostic model that accurately predicts whether

A new bed tower at Duke University Hospital has now fully opened, with pediatric patients and their families moving into new rooms on four floors over the weekend. The move-in culminates years of planning and construction of the 11-floor Duke Central Tower, which was designed to provide larger, private patient rooms that accommodate technologically advanced