Clinical Trials & Research

When you first break a bone, the body sends out an inflammatory response, and cells begin to form a hematoma around the injured area. Within a week or two, that blood clot is replaced with a soft material called callus that forms a bridge of sorts that holds the fragments together. Over months, the callus

An international research group led by Professor Toru Takumi (Senior Visiting Scientist, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research) and Researcher Chia-wen Lin at Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine has shown that idiopathic autism is caused by epigenetic abnormalities in hematopoietic cells during fetal development, which results in immune dysregulation in the brain and gut.

High-risk patients who need defibrillators to prevent cardiac arrest can experience fewer complications with a type of device implanted under the skin, a Canadian study has found. Traditional defibrillators, while highly effective, involve placing a wire through a vein, into the chest and into the heart itself. The wires, known as ‘leads,’ in the traditional

Several nursing teams from Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center were invited to share their research at the 47th Annual Congress of the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS), which is underway in Anaheim, California, and continues through May 1, 2022. Among the specialists discussing new developments and challenges in the practice of nursing at the ONS Annual

Research led by King’s College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust has analyzed factors associated with self-harm in over 111,000 adolescents aged 11-17 years old. Published in BMC Medicine the study found that the risk for self-harm presenting to hospital emergency departments was nearly three times higher for boys with autism spectrum

Cigarette smoke has been shown to deleteriously affect human health. For example, degenerative disc diseases are increasingly linked to cigarette smoking. Nearly 3% of the particle matter in cigarette smoke is hydroquinone (HQ). HQ exposure has been linked to increased apoptosis and oxidative stress of the immune cells. However, it is still unclear how cigarette smoke

Genetic risk factors and diet quality are independently associated with type 2 diabetes; a healthy diet is linked to lower diabetes risk across all levels of genetic risk. That’s the conclusion of a study of more than 35,000 US adults publishing April 26th in PLOS Medicine by Jordi Merino of Massachusetts General Hospital, US, and

Many studies have indicated that wild animals can harbor dangerous zoonoses. In addition, European wild plants and many house and garden plants contain chemicals that can be toxic to animals. However, the role of alien species in increasing the risk of disease outbreaks throughout the world has not been addressed yet. It has been observed

Analyzing sodium levels in breast cancer tumors can give an accurate indication of how aggressive a cancer is and whether chemotherapy treatments are taking effect, new research has shown. In a study, by the universities of York and Cambridge and funded by charities Cancer Research UK and Breast Cancer Now, researchers developed a technique using

Children of women who took antipsychotic medications late in their pregnancy did not demonstrate increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, according to findings published in JAMA Internal Medicine. Women who take these drugs are at risk for having children with neurodevelopmental problems, but it is due to other lifestyle and medical factors, not the drugs; so

In a recently published article in the journal Cancer Cell, scientists have demonstrated the incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in cancer patients residing in Austria and Italy. The study reveals an induction in Omicron breakthrough infections in patients with hematologic and solid cancers. Study: Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in patients

Every day, your pancreas produces about one cup of digestive juices, a mixture of molecules that can break down the food you eat. But if these powerful molecules become activated before they make their way to the gut, they can damage the pancreas itself-;digesting the very cells that created them, leading to the painful inflammation

New research published today in Blood Advances indicates that many adolescent and young adult (AYA) men with sickle cell disease (SCD) are unaware of potential SCD-associated fertility issues, highlighting a need for comprehensive fertility education materials for this population. Researchers found that while most AYA men with SCD want to have genetically related children in

A mutated gene found in more than 20% to 30% of breast cancer recurrences may help tumors become more aggressive and promote metastasis, according to a pair of new studies that uncover mechanisms behind these processes and point to new therapy targets. “We’re excited about this research because it addresses an important clinical problem: A

In a recent study published on the medRxiv* preprint server, researchers describe a 16-month-old case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in an immunocompromised individual. Following unsuccessful therapy with monoclonal antibody (mAb) bamlanivimab, the individual was found to be infected with a SARS-CoV-2 strain that harbored a unique and previously undetected spike

For the past 10 years, the Medicare system has tried to improve the quality of health care that millions of older Americans receive, while slowing the growth in costs to the federal budget, by encouraging health care providers to join Accountable Care Organizations. Today, ACOs coordinate the care of 11 million people, most of them

A University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign research team has discovered a way to produce a special class of molecule that could open the door for new drugs to treat currently untreatable diseases. Open the household medicine cabinet and you will likely find organic derivatives of ammonia, called amines. They are one of the most prevalent

A research group at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden has analyzed how certain immune cells known as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) develop into mature cells that play a part in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The findings could pave the way for more effective treatments against IBD, a disease that causes considerable suffering and that is linked

A study at McMaster University has found that brown adipose tissue (BAT) is less active in boys with obesity compared to boys with a normal body mass index (BMI). Senior author Katherine Morrison said that BAT, also known as brown fat, helps the body burn regular fat and is activated by cold, but her research

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The SARS-CoV-2 infection has a wide range of symptoms, ranging from none to extremely critical symptoms. The pathophysiology of COVID-19 is not well understood, even after more than two years; however, many scientists consider

In a recent report posted to the medRxiv* preprint server, researchers determined immune responses generated by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron BA.2 and BA.1 sublineage infections in prior virus-infected and naïve subjects. Study: Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 immune response in naïve and prior infected persons. Image Credit: Ninc Vienna / Shutterstock Background The significantly

Academic researchers are calling for new healthcare guidelines for treating obesity, hypertension and diabetes in women. Currently, there are no sex-specific guidelines for treating or preventing these health conditions, potentially limiting the medical care available to women. Today, in a new paper published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, University of Colorado

Scientists have developed several pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions to contain the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is caused by the rapid outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For example, the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has been instrumental in the prevention of severe illness and deaths worldwide. In Africa,

The international team of scientists aimed to address data gaps in air quality for 46 future megacities in Africa, Asia and the Middle East using space-based observations from instruments onboard NASA and European Space Agency (ESA) satellites for 2005 to 2018. Published today in Science Advances, the study reveals rapid degradation in air quality and

Researchers at City of Hope, one of the largest cancer research and treatment organizations in the United States, will present late-breaking and clinical trial findings at this year’s American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting, which begins today. These additional presentations showcase a pilot program in tobacco use cessation and new developments in cell therapy.

What is the role of genetics in schizophrenia? To address this question, an international group of researchers led by Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Cardiff University developed and conducted the largest-ever genetic study on schizophrenia. As part of their work, the researchers identified a large number of specific genes which play a key role in

The emergence and rapid spread of a novel coronavirus, namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), caused the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Numerous SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged worldwide due to genomic mutations. They have been classified as variants of concern (VOC) and variants of interest (VOI) based on their enhanced virulence and high

Findings from a new study are providing important insights into the spread of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, which is transmitted from dogs to people through ticks. The new data are being used to create models that could help predict, and possibly prevent, future outbreaks. If not treated within the first five days, Rocky Mountain spotted